They are active in alkaline pH; however, contact with organic matter diminishes their activity. Other volatile chemicals in common products include cresol, ethanol, ammonia and chlorine. Here are some other not-so-settling facts Diethylene glycol found in window cleaners depresses the nervous system. Camphor/menthol/phenol topical is used in the treatment of: Brand names: Campho-PheniqueDrug class(es): mouth and throat products, topical rubefacient. From eating foods containing eggs: Residual inactivating ingredients: Formaldehyde† To kill viruses or inactivate toxins during the manufacturing process: Resides in body naturally (more in body than vaccines). An example is formalin, with phenol coefficients of 0.3 (S. aureus) and 0.7 (S. enterica serovar Typhi). Important: The information below refers to products available in the United States that contain phenol. Query the DeepDyve database, plus search all of PubMed and Google Scholar seamlessly. If both cleaning and disinfection of a surface is required, then one employs a liquid containing both a cleaning agent (typically, a detergent) and a substituted phenolic disinfectant (o-phenylphenol, for example, which avoids the toxicity, carcinogenicity, and corrosive nature of pure phenol). Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. FDA has cleared a glutaraldehyde–phenol/phenate concentrate as a high-level disinfectant that contains 1.12% glutaraldehyde with 1.93% phenol/phenate at its use concentration. Phenol has been used to disinfect skin and to relieve itching. Many household cleaners have phenol in them. Check all that apply - Please note that only the first page is available if you have not selected a reading option after clicking "Read Article". A phenol coefficient of 1.0 means that the chemical agent has about the same level of effectiveness as phenol. Unlimited access to over18 million full-text articles. alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, halogen) replaces one … cosmetics, antiseptics and disinfectants (see above for the uses of phenol). Available for Android and iOS devices. May be used as a disinfectant. We'll do our best to fix them. • All tubes (disinfectants + organisms and phenol + organisms)are placed in 17.5°C water bath. It is active against a wide range of micro-organisms including some fungi and viruses, but is only slowly effective against spores. The work of Quastel and Wooldridgell, Bach and Lambert12, SykeP and other workers, has shown that some bacterial enzymes are not completely inactivated by phenol at concentrations above those lethal to the organism itself, indicating that it is unlikely, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology: An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Some essential oil advocates say these natural phenols are less toxic to cats than … (in order to make pH level between 7,5-8,5). Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals. Alternative Names: Carbolic Acid: Notes: Colourless crystals with a characteristic odour. Some methods compare the performance with that of phenol whereas other methods simply state if the disinfectant is effective or not. It’s your single place to instantly Cats … Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 6 Jan 2021), Cerner Multum™ (updated 4 Jan 2021), ASHP (updated 6 Jan 2021) and others. Start a 14-Day Trial for You and Your Team. Many phenolic products are used for the decontamination of environmental surfaces and some (e.g. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Phenols are toxic to cats and newborn humans Phenol is probably the oldest known disinfectant as it was first used by Lister , when it was called carbolic acid. 15,000 peer-reviewed journals. The most realistic thing to do is to try to only eat the foods that contain smaller amounts of the chemical by incorporating a low-salicylate diet. The commercial product is a liquid. Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote. Originally derived from coal tar, they were extensively used in the early 20th century and still play a major role in the disinfectant armoury today. Phenol acts specifically on the cell membrane and inactivates intracytoplasm enzymes by forming unstable complexes. Soap containing phenol-based compounds is often called carbolic soap. Pine tar contains phenol derivatives that provide antimicrobial properties. Select data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Brand names: Chloraseptic Sore Throat Spray, Cepastat, Cepastat Extra Strength, Castellani PaintDrug class(es): topical anestheticsPhenol topical is used in the treatment of: Brand names: BlistexDrug class(es): miscellaneous topical agentsAllantoin/camphor/phenol topical is used in the treatment of: Benzocaine/camphor/phenol topical is used in the treatment of: Benzocaine/phenol topical is used in the treatment of: Drug class(es): mouth and throat products. All the latest content is available, no embargo periods. Save any article or search result from DeepDyve, PubMed, and Google Scholar... all in one place. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, over 30% of disinfectants used in veterinary applications are based on phenols. Essential oils, including those in natural cleaning products, have phenol in them. Multi-ingredient medications containing phenol: allantoin/camphor/phenol topical. You can change your cookie settings through your browser. over 18 million articles from more than Brand names: Vicks Formula 44 Custom Care Throat Spray, Chloraseptic Max Sore Throat Relief Plus Coating Protection, UlcereaseDrug class(es): mouth and throat productsGlycerin/phenol topical is used in the treatment of: Brand names: Columbia AntisepticDrug class(es): miscellaneous topical agents, → Search the entire Drugs.com site for phenol. Pre-cleaned instruments are immersed into the container so as to contact all of the surfaces with solutions and the container is closed. Phenol: the parent compound, used as a disinfectant and for chemical synthesis: Bisphenol A: and other bisphenols produced from ketones and phenol / cresol BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) - a fat-soluble antioxidant and food additive: 4-Nonylphenol: a breakdown product of detergents and nonoxynol-9: Orthophenyl phenol: a fungicide used for waxing citrus fruits New Interior Collection. Phenol has a distinct odor that is sickeningly sweet and tarry. Phenol and Phenolic Disinfectants - Advantages and Disadvantages. To get new article updates from a journal on your personalized homepage, please log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one. Artem has a doctor of veterinary medicine degree. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. As certain disinfectants lose potency on standing and addition of organic matter, their efficacy must be tested. We will explore a disinfectant known as phenol. At the 2- to 5-percent concentration level, the substituted phenolics have been shown to be bactericidal, … It is rather corrosive to the skin and sometimes toxic to sensitive people. Phenol is both a manufactured chemical and a natural substance. Closely related chemically to Cresols. Chemical formula: C6H6ODrugbank ID: DB03255ATC code(s): D08AE03, C05BB05, R02AA19, N01BX03. 33. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. • Subcultures of each reaction mixture are taken and transferred to 5ml sterile broth after 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 min. Disinfectants which contain phenols are highly toxic to cats as they lack UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes, including UGT1A6 and UGT1A9 necessary to metabolise phenols. All these tests can be allocated to one of the following disinfectant tests: carrier test, suspension test, capacity test, practical test, field test or in-use test. Also found automobile exhaust, and household furnishing such as carpets and upholstery. Drug class(es): miscellaneous uncategorized agents. Some methods compare the performance with that of phenol whereas other methods simply state if the disinfectant is effective or not. Disinfectants containing iodine are active against bacteria, viruses, fungi, TB bacilli and have limited activity against spores. It is a colorless-to-white solid when pure. The tough part is that phenols, and more specifically salicylates, are found in most foods that we eat, so it is almost impossible to completely eliminate them from your diet. Usually sold as a 10% solution in water. Concentrations of 0.05 to 0.1% NaOCl or NaClO, when mixed with a solution containing SARS-CoV were shown to kill the virus within five minutes. Most modern household disinfectants contain Bitrex, an exceptionally bitter substance designed to discourage ingestion, as an added safety measure. PHENOLIC DISINFECTANTS PHENOLIC DISINFECTANTS Cook, A. M. 1960-12-01 00:00:00 Mode of Action It has been stated that phenols act by denaturing bacterial proteins, and this idea of direct chemical action by coagulation of proteins is supported by Bancroft and Richtefl and Lobes5. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology: An... Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. Such levels are below those that are thought to cause harmful effects. are widely used for domestic purposes. Chloroxylenols are broad-spectrum bactericides with more activity against gram-positive than gram-negative bacteria. Get unlimited, online access to over 18 million full-text articles from more than 15,000 scientific journals. Reset filters. Do not surround your terms in double-quotes ("") in this field. All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. discover and read the research Disrupts Plasma Membranes which results in leakage of cellular content. A chemical agent with a phenol coefficient of less than 1.0 is less effective than phenol. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library. Phenol is an antiseptic and disinfectant. Other FDA cleared glutaraldehyde sterilants that contain 2.4%–3.4% glutaraldehyde are used undiluted 606 . They are frequently used in hospitals, dental surgeries, kitchens and bathrooms to kill infectious organisms. Phenols used today do There are several methods of testing disinfectants, with their own advantages and disadvantages. Require these words, in this exact order. Phenolic disinfectants (e.g. 100 ml, activation buffer given with the product is added to 5 L, of AQUA DEX. It’s not much harder to use than your window-washing spray. Bookmark this article. Halogenation increases antimicrobial action of the phenol while nitration reduces it. Aqua Dex; is filled in a clean and closed container. Common examples of these derivatives include thymols, xylenol, o-phenyl-phenol (OPP) and triclosan. Exposure to phenol may also occur if it is used where you work; safe levels are enforced to protect employees who may be exposed to phenol at work. PHENOLS Phenols are among the oldest established active disinfectant substances. To subscribe to email alerts, please log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one. Brand names: Blistex Drug class(es): miscellaneous topical agents Allantoin/camphor/phenol topical is used in the treatment of: Herpes Simplex; benzocaine/camphor/phenol topical. DeepDyve's default query mode: search by keyword or DOI. Disinfectants containing phenols (such as Lysol, Pine-Sol, or Dettol...note the use of "sol" in some of the product names) are dangerous for all animals but especially cats, because cats are unable to eliminate the toxic phenols from their body following ingestion (by licking it off a surface, their paws, or their fur when grooming, or by inhaling it). Regardless of whether a pathogen is viral, bacterial, parasitic or fungal, or an emerging unknown, the mainstay of infectious disease prevention is hygiene, and the cornerstone of good hygiene is effective disinfection. And phenols are not the only dangerous ingredients in common disinfectants. The lipophilic molecules are trapped by the membrane phospholipids. However, there are many phenol-based materials used as disinfectants. Meytol, Dettol, etc.) Phenolics are chemical derivatives of phenol. Streptococci are more susceptible than staphylococci. Do not use any product which turns white in water. You can taste and smell phenol at levels lower than those that are associated with harmful effects. Phenol is probably the oldest known disinfectant as it was first used by Lister, when it was called carbolic acid. Deficiency of the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase renders the cat susceptible to toxic effects of phenol based disinfectants (including essential oils tea tree and clove), so these are best avoided in feline environments. Since the phenols cannot kill every type of microbe, they are considered to be disinfectants as opposed to sterilants, the latter of which would imply the death of all microbes on inanimate objects or surfaces as opposed to most microbes in the case of a disinfectant.A final advantage of a phenol is its ease of use. It is the defacto standard with which many disinfectants are compared. Phenol is now rarely used because it irritates the skin has disagreeable odor: used as throat lozenges but has little antimicrobial effect. – Wiley. Those that are used in people's homes should never be mixed with other cleaning products as chemical reactions can occur. To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one. Essential oils: Many essential oils, especially tea tree oil are toxic to cats for the same reason as above (many essential oils contain phenols). The following processes are involved: - If the concentration is low, the cell constituents (nucleic acids, glutamic acid) are liberated in the external media. It’s been used as an antiseptic during surgery since at least 1867 . While certain methods help in selecting the right dilution of disinfectant for use others test the efficacy of disinfectant already in use. Whether this leakage causes death or death precedes the leakage is not known, but the work of Bean and WalterslO on the growth of phenol-treated organisms in the presence of the eluate from phenolkilled organisms suggests that death may precede lysis. Search They are active against vegetative bacteria and lipid-containing viruses and, when properly formulated, also shows activity against mycobacteria. Mode of Action It has been stated that phenols act by denaturing bacterial proteins, and this idea of direct chemical action by coagulation of proteins is supported by Bancroft and Richtefl and Lobes5. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -, Search the entire Drugs.com site for phenol. Phenol derivatives originate when a functional group (e.g. This adaptive quality is an important factor in the use of phenols today, as they can be synthesized to serve specific purposes. They are not sporicidal. There are numerous variations of phenolic disinfectants. Some commercial disinfectants containing phenols have residual activity after they have dried. Lysol and Pine-Sol are two well-known products in this camp -- if you're concerned, just remember the common "sol" in their names. Read from thousands of the leading scholarly journals from SpringerNature, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford University Press and more. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Benzocaine/camphor/phenol topical is used in the treatment of: Insect Bites; Poison Ivy; Poison Oak Some mouthwashes and sore-throat lozenges contain phenol, too. Submitting a report will send us an email through our customer support system. It does not contain detailed information on the chemical itself.) Mostly the disinfectants are ... Introduction of an alkyl chain at para position of Phenol increases the activity, however, when the chain increases more than 6 carbon atoms it decreases the solubility and disinfectant action. Instructions on the bottles are clearly given with regards to the dilutions that should be used. These are fast-acting disinfectants which may … A 50:1 mix of 5% bleach should effectively decontaminate surfaces if left in place for five to ten minutes. As early as 1909 ReichaP, after studying the distribution coefficients of phenol between oil and water and their relation to bactericidal activity, suggested the action to be physical rather than chemical, an idea that found support from Richardson and Reid’. Phenol Accession Number DB03255 Description. that matters to you. Obtained from Coal tar. Find any of these words, separated by spaces, Exclude each of these words, separated by spaces, Search for these terms only in the title of an article, Most effective as: LastName, First Name or Lastname, FN, Search for articles published in journals where these words are in the journal name, /lp/wiley/phenolic-disinfectants-qwGLG00KzA, http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology: An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/wiley/phenolic-disinfectants-qwGLG00KzA. • The broth tubes are incubated at 37°C for 48 to 72 hrs and are examined for presence or absence of growth. Include any more information that will help us locate the issue and fix it faster for you. Peroxygen compounds such as hydrogen peroxide, pancreatic acid and potassium peroxymonosulphate all form part of the peroxygen disinfectants which eliminate pathogens by denaturation of proteins as well as lipids. Pulvertaft and Lumbs noted that lysis of bacteria often occurred in presence of bacteriostats, and Gale and TaylorQstudied the leakage of glutamic acid from phenol-treated bacteria and concluded that phenol alters the permeability of the cell wall and allows essential cell material to leak out. Medical Device and Surface Disinfectants . Enjoy affordable access to Thanks for helping us catch any problems with articles on DeepDyve. Have residual activity after they have dried disinfectants lose potency on standing and of. Be synthesized to serve specific purposes clearly given with regards to the and., online access to over 18 million articles from more than 15,000 scientific journals advice diagnosis. 14-Day Trial for you the lipophilic molecules are trapped by the membrane phospholipids phenol derivatives originate when a functional (... 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Download a file formatted for EndNote is often called carbolic soap sold as a 10 % solution water! Articles from more than 15,000 peer-reviewed journals should never be mixed with other cleaning products as chemical reactions can.! Articles on DeepDyve detailed information on more than 15,000 peer-reviewed journals and more at its use.... Activation buffer given with the product is added to 5 L, of aqua Dex, PubMed and. Surgery since at least 1867 % solution in water disinfectants + organisms ) are placed in water... Bleach should effectively decontaminate surfaces if left in place for five to ten minutes first or!