The number of cotton mills in Manchester itself reached a peak of 108 in 1853. This was attributed to a 5.6 per cent increase in house prices and local investment in infrastructure and in Manchester Airport. [25] Just outside the immediate city centre are a large number of former cotton mills, some of which have been left virtually untouched since their closure, while many have been redeveloped as apartment buildings and office space. [111] On the other hand, Greater Manchester is home to more multi-millionaires than anywhere outside London, with the City of Manchester taking up most of the tally. In 1931, the Cheshire civil parishes of Baguley, Northenden and Northen Etchells from the south of the River Mersey were added. In 1889, when county councils were created in England, the municipal borough became a county borough with even greater autonomy. 4.7 per cent were mixed race (1.8 per cent White and Black Caribbean, 0.9 per cent White and Black African, 1.0 per cent White and Asian, 1.0 per cent other mixed), 17.1 per cent Asian (2.3 per cent Indian, 8.5 per cent Pakistani, 1.3 per cent Bangladeshi, 2.7 per cent Chinese, 2.3 per cent other Asian), 8.6 per cent Black (5.1 per cent African, 1.6 per cent other Black), 1.9 per cent Arab and 1.2 per cent of other ethnic heritage. Please log in, or sign up for a new account to continue reading. Since the 2001 census, the proportion of Christians in Manchester has fallen by 22 per cent from 62.4 per cent to 48.7 per cent. [178], Manchester is a UNESCO City of Literature known for a "radical literary history". In 2012 an estimated 2,702,200 people lived in Greater Manchester. [21], During the English Civil War Manchester strongly favoured the Parliamentary interest. One such gathering ended with the Peterloo massacre of 16 August 1819. [169]:13–14 The theatre, to be called The Factory, after Manchester's Factory Records, will provide a permanent home for the Manchester International Festival. She was accompanying her father Patrick, who was convalescing in the city after cataract surgery. [207][208] Of the schools in the LEA with 30 or more pupils, four had 90 per cent or more pupils achieving at least five A*–C grades at GCSE including maths and English: Manchester High School for Girls, St Bede's College, Manchester Islamic High School for Girls, and The King David High School. [134] A new line to the Trafford Centre opened in 2020. [83], Racial structure, according to the 2011 census[3], Religious beliefs, according to the 2011 census[3], Historically the population of Manchester began to increase rapidly during the Victorian era, estimated at 354,930 for Manchester and 110,833 for Salford in 1865,[86] and peaking at 766,311 in 1931. Charles Dickens is reputed to have set his novel Hard Times in the city, and though partly modelled on Preston, it shows the influence of his friend Mrs Gaskell. Manchester was the regional base for BBC One North West Region programmes before it relocated to MediaCityUK in nearby Salford Quays.[233][234]. [218], The main regional newspaper in the city is the Manchester Evening News, which was for over 80 years the sister publication of The Manchester Guardian. The cenotaph in St Peter's Square is Manchester's main memorial to its war dead. Designed by Edwin Lutyens, it echoes the original on Whitehall in London. [150] This ceased to operate in June 2018, citing poor infrastructure. Anglo-American author Frances Hodgson Burnett was born in the city's Cheetham Hill district in 1849, and wrote much of her classic children's novel The Secret Garden while visiting nearby Salford's Buile Hill Park. The University of Manchester is the largest full-time non-collegiate university in the United Kingdom, created in 2004 by the merger of Victoria University of Manchester, founded in 1904, and UMIST, founded in 1956[199] having developed from the Mechanics' Institute founded, as indicated in the university's logo, in 1824. In 2018, Andy Burnham, appointed Sacha Lord as Greater Manchester's first Night Time Economy Adviser, following in the footsteps of Amy Lamé, who was appointed by London Mayor Sadiq Khan in 2016 to be the first London night czar. Manchester city centre suffers from constrained rail capacity that frequently leads to delays and cancellations – a 2018 report found that all three major Manchester stations are among the top ten worst stations in the United Kingdom for punctuality, with Oxford Road deemed the worst in the country. The 47-storey, 554-foot (169 m) Beetham Tower was the tallest UK building outside London and the highest residential accommodation in Europe when completed in 2006. [135][136] "[20] The cathedral and Chetham's buildings are the only significant survivors of Leland's Manchester. Manchester has been a centre of television broadcasting since the 1950s. This was an increase of 7,900, or 1.6 per cent, since the 2011 estimate. [62] In 1974, by way of the Local Government Act 1972, the City of Manchester became a metropolitan district of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester. Manchester is contiguous on all sides with several large settlements, except for a small section along its southern boundary with Cheshire. Manchester is a centre for musical education: the Royal Northern College of Music and Chetham's School of Music. There are three universities in the City of Manchester. [214] Manchester Cricket Club evolved into Lancashire County Cricket Club and play at Old Trafford Cricket Ground, as do Manchester Originals, a new city-based cricket team founded in 2019 which will play in the new cricket competition The Hundred, representing Lancashire and Manchester. “We had a juke box there from the 1950s that played 45s and posters that dated back to the 1940s,” St. Clair said. Smaller venues include the Contact Theatre and Z-arts in Hulme. The Guardian newspaper was founded in the city in 1821 as The Manchester Guardian. The University of Manchester includes the Manchester Business School, which offered the first MBA course in the UK in 1965. LACONIA – A Christmas Day fire gutted the first-floor headquarters of the Laconia Motorcycle Week Association and temporarily trapped a resident in a second-floor apartment. State officials have identified a woman killed in a mobile home fire in Epsom on Sunday night. [126] The High Speed 2 link to Birmingham and London is also planned, which if built will include a 12 km (7 mi) tunnel under Manchester on the final approach into an upgraded Piccadilly station. “We hard yard-long photos that dated back to the turn of the century. [187] She probably envisioned Manchester Cathedral churchyard as the burial place for Jane's parents and the birthplace of Jane herself. Previously, notable Manchester acts of the 1960s include The Hollies, Herman's Hermits, and Davy Jones of the Monkees (famed in the mid-1960s for their albums and their American TV show), and the earlier Bee Gees, who grew up in Chorlton. [144] A second runway was opened in 2001 and there have been continued terminal improvements. [18] A stabilised fragment of foundations of the final version of the Roman fort is visible in Castlefield. [62], From a very early time, the township of Manchester lay within the historic or ceremonial county boundaries of Lancashire. ", "Release Edition Reference Tables: Business Demography, 2012", "Manchester Airports Group dividend windfall for councils", "South Manchester: Living in the area: Introducing South Manchester", "The English Indices of Deprivation 2010: Local Authorities District Summaries File Notes", "Boom city Manchester has more super-rich than anywhere outside London", "Education and skills in your area: Manchester LA", "The Big Nine – Regional Office Review – Q4 2014", "Prepare for regional renaissance as businesses favour 'northshoring, "One Angel Square, Co-operative Group HQ", "A History of the World: Liverpool Road Station sundial", "Extra track suggested to ease Manchester's rail bottlenecks", "HS2 to enter Manchester via tunnel under city", "George Osborne launches £600m Northern Hub rail project", "UK's railway stations with most train delays revealed", "New Metrolink line to Wythenshawe and Manchester Airport to open on November 3 – a year ahead of schedule", "Light Rail and Tram Statistics: England 2016/17", "Passenger trams start running to and from Rochdale town centre for first time in 80 years", "Metrolink's Trafford Park £350m Tramline Approved", "Enabling works begin on new Trafford Park Metrolink line", "Stagecoach welcomes government funding for Greater Manchester transport strategy", "Manchester Airport is Officially 'A380 Ready, "Giant Airbus A380 lands at Manchester Airport", "Airport History: City Airport and Heliport", "Where to start: City Airport and Heliport", "Manchester's Waxi water taxi service runs aground after two years – and the boats are being sold off too", "Census shows more people in Manchester are cycling to work", "Pollstar Concert Industry Awards Winners Archives", "M.E.N Named Most Popular Entertainment Venue on Planet", "Trof presents the Deaf Institute: café, bar and music hall", "Manchester: the UK's rock and indie music capital", "New home for Cornerhouse and Library Theatre in £19m arts centre plan", "The Guardian view on Manchester's new cultural space: from one kind of factory to another", "The Factory Manchester £110m arts venue approved", Executive meeting: 16. 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